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Sign: A monument in memory of those who opened the road to Jerusalem


Address:
Shoresh Interchange, Sho’eva, Israel
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On the sign:
אנדרטת פורצי הדרך לירושלים
המערכה על הדרך לירושלים במלחמת העצמאות תש"ח 1948

בשלהי 1947 היו בירושלים כמאה אלף יהודים. קיומם היה תלוי בקשר עם השפלה, בכל הנוגע לאספקת מים, מזון, חומרי רפואה ואמצעי לחימה. משהחלה מלחמת העצמאות שמו להם הערבים למטרה לכבוש את העיר. הם ריכזו כוח רב לא רק לתקיפת העיר, אלא גם במטרה לנתק את עורק התחבורה היחידה אליה, באמצעות הפעלת מחסומים ומארבים לאורכו.
עד אמצע מאי 1948 שלטו הבריטים בארץ ומנעו מכוחות המגן העבריים לאחוז בנשק בעת שנדרשו לפעול כנגד הערבים.
לפיכך, הובטחה התחבורה לירושלים ע"י ניהולה בשיירות וכלי-הרכב שבהן הובטחו ע"י מלווים צמודים עם נשק מוסתר.
משגברה יעילות ההתקפות של הערבים, התפתחו בהתאמה שיטות ההגנה: כלי הרכב שוריינו, והשיירות עקפו במידת האפשר את המקומות המועדים להתקפות. אעפי"כ, השיירות הותקפו ורבים מהלוחמים נפגעו ומשוריינים יצאו משימוש. שיטת הליווי הצמוד נכשלה וירושלים נותרה עם ציוד ואספקה לתקופה קצרה.
ההכרח לחזק את העיר הביאה להכרעה לרכז כוחות, יחסית גדולים, על מנת להפעילם לכיבוש כפרים ועמדות החולשים על הדרך והחזקתם, במטרה לאפשר העברתן של שיירות אספקה.

משרד הביטחון
אגף השיקום
היחידה להנצחת החייל
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Comments:
The monument was photographed that day by the same photographer Click for a larger image

The monument, created by the sculptors Naomi Henrik and Tuvia Katz, was inaugurated in 1967 in the presence of Prime Minister Levy Eshkol, and fighters from the Harel Brigade of the Palmach (including Yitzhak Rabin).

Translation of the text on the sign:

A monument in memory of those who opened the road to Jerusalem
The battle on the road to Jerusalem during the War of Independence 1948

At the end of 1947, there were about 100,000 Jews in Jerusalem. Their existence depended on the connection with the coastal plain, in terms of the supply of water, food, medical supplies and weapons. When the War of Independence began, the Arabs wanted to occupy the city. They concentrated a great deal of force not only in attacking the city, but also in order to cut off the only transportation artery to it, by operating checkpoints and ambushes along it.
Until mid-May 1948, the British ruled the country and prevented the Hebrew Defense Forces from seizing weapons when they were required to act against the Arabs.
Thus, transportation to Jerusalem was guaranteed by the management of the convoys and vehicles in which they were promised by close escorts with hidden weapons.
As the effectiveness of the Arabs’ attacks increased, the methods of defense developed, respectively: the vehicles were armored, and the convoys bypassed the places prone to the attacks as far as possible. Despite this the convoys were attacked and many of the fighters were injured and armored vehicles went out of use. The close escort method failed and Jerusalem was left with equipment and supplies for a short period.
The necessity to strengthen the city led to the decision to concentrate forces, relatively large, in order to use them to occupy villages and positions that dominate the road and hold them, in order to allow the transfer of supply convoys.

Ministry of Defence
Rehabilitation Division
The unit for commemorating the soldier

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